Reasons Why You May Not Have a Credit Score – Credit Countdown

Reasons Why You May Not Have a Credit Score - PinterestWe’ve written before about the problem of credit invisibility, which is when a consumer does not have a credit score. Millions of consumers are credit invisible in the United States, which represents a serious obstacle in the path to financial success in a society where credit is interwoven with so many aspects of our lives. You yourself may even be credit invisible and looking for a way to become credit visible by gaining credit history.

If you do not have a credit score, credit expert John Ulzheimer explained why this may be the case in a recent Credit Countdown video on the TradelineSupply Company, LLC YouTube channel. Keep reading for the text version or scroll to the bottom of this article to see the video.

What Are the Minimum Credit Scoring Criteria?

In order to be able to generate a credit score, your credit report has to meet certain requirements. These requirements are slightly different depending on whether the credit scoring model being used is a FICO score or a VantageScore.

FICO Score Minimum Credit Scoring Criteria

You must have at least one undisputed tradeline.

A tradeline is an account on your credit report. This may include credit cards, lines of credit, installment loans, etc. (Other items on your credit report that are not accounts and therefore are not considered tradelines include collections, judgments, tax liens, bankruptcies, and inquiries.)

In order to be included by credit scoring models, the tradeline cannot be disputed.

The undisputed tradeline must be at least six months old.

At least six months of credit history are needed in order to accurately predict your likelihood of defaulting in the future, which is what credit scores are designed to do. Trying to come up with a credit score using fewer data points might cause the score to be less predictive of your actual credit risk, which could create problems for lenders.

You must have recent activity on your credit report (within the past six months).

To meet this requirement, you must have at least one undisputed tradeline that has been updated within the past six months. Don’t worry, this can be the same tradeline that qualifies you for the prior two criteria as long as it has reported activity within the past six months, or it can be a different account.

You cannot be listed as “deceased” on your credit report.

Credit scores cannot be created for individuals who are deceased (or appear to be deceased due to an error).

If your credit profile satisfies these criteria, then you will be able to qualify for any FICO score regardless of which generation it may be.

VantageScore Minimum Credit Scoring Criteria

Compared to FICO scores, the VantageScore credit scoring models have less stringent requirements on who can qualify for a credit score.

You cannot be listed as “deceased” on your credit report.

Like FICO scores, VantageScores also do not calculate credit scores for deceased consumers.

You should have at least one or two months of credit history with any credit bureau.

According to MoneyCrashers.com, “the VantageScore model typically produces scores for consumers with one to two months of credit history, regardless of which bureau reports that activity.” The account or accounts do not need to have six months of age in order to be scored.

The company claims that the VantageScore 4.0 and 3.0 models can provide credit scores to 40 million consumers who cannot be scored using other types of credit scoring models since it is easier for consumers with limited information in their credit files to meet the minimum scoring criteria.

What the Lender Sees When You Do Not Have a Credit Score

If a lender tries to pull your credit score and you do not have one for any of the above reasons, they will instead receive what is known as a “reject code” or a “failure code.” 

This reject code indicates to the lender that you have failed to meet the minimum credit scoring criteria and which criteria you did not satisfy.

Watch the video on this topic featuring seasoned credit professional John Ulzheimer below, or go to our YouTube channel to subscribe and see more credit-related videos!

Read more: tradelinesupply.com

Read more

Metro 2, e-OSCAR, and the Credit Repair Dispute Process – Credit Countdown

Metro 2, e-OSCAR, and Credit Disputes - PinterestIn credit repair, the credit dispute process involves the use of two systems called Metro 2 and e-OSCAR. If you are unfamiliar with these terms, as is likely the case for most consumers, then keep reading this article. Credit expert John Ulzheimer takes us behind the scenes of the consumer dispute process and explains the importance of the Metro 2 and e-OSCAR systems in consumer credit disputes.

The Right to Dispute Information on Your Credit Reports

The Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) is a federal statute that confers rights to consumers with regard to their personal credit reports. 

One of these rights you have under the FCRA is the right to challenge information on your credit report that you believe to be inaccurate.

Where Does the Information on Your Credit Reports Come From?

The information on your credit reports is provided by data furnishers, such as your lenders, to the three major credit reporting agencies (CRAs): Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion.

According to the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), there are approximately 16,000 of these data furnishers in the United States.

Here are some examples of data furnishers that may report information about your credit accounts to the credit bureaus every month:

Banks
Credit unions
Financial service providers
Mortgage lenders
Auto lenders
Student loan servicers
Debt collector

Disputing Information With the Credit Reporting Agencies (Indirect Dispute)

One way to dispute something on your credit report is to file a dispute with the CRAs. This method is called an indirect dispute because rather than taking your dispute directly to the furnisher itself, you are asking the credit bureau to investigate the claim on your behalf.

The credit bureau is then obligated to conduct a “reasonable investigation” into your dispute, which typically includes contacting the furnishing party and asking them if there is any validity to your credit dispute.

To understand how indirect disputes work, we first need to define Metro 2 and e-OSCAR. Then, we can take a look at each step in the procedure and see how Metro 2 and e-OSCAR play important roles in the dispute process.

What Is Metro 2?

Metro 2 is the “language” used by data furnishers to communicate information to the credit bureaus. It is the standard (and only) language used for this purpose. The previous version of this language, Metro 1, is outdated and is no longer used.

The Metro 2 language consists of alpha, numeric, and alphanumeric characters. These characters go into different fields on your credit report which indicate certain things.

Metro 2 is communicated through the Consumer Data Industry Associate (CDIA) using a manual called the Credit Reporting Resource Guide (CRRG).

When the data furnishers receive dispute forms from the credit bureaus, the information on those forms is encoded in the Metro 2 language.

What Is e-OSCAR?

e-OSCAR is a communication protocol analogous to a phone line between the credit bureaus and the companies that furnish data to them. It is used to transmit information such as dispute forms back and forth between the credit bureaus and data furnishers.

Like Metro 2, e-OSCAR is universal, meaning it is the only communication method used in the dispute process and therefore it is used by all three credit bureaus.

How the Indirect Dispute Process Works

You challenge information on your credit report by filing a dispute with a credit bureau.
The credit bureau assigns a dispute code to your claim, which is meant to indicate the nature of your dispute.
The credit bureau sends an automated consumer dispute verification form (ACDV) to the data furnisher using e-OSCAR.
The furnishing party logs into the e-OSCAR system to view the disputes.
The data furnisher looks at the dispute code on the ACDV indicating the reason for the dispute. For example, the consumer may have stated that the disputed information does not belong to them.
The data furnisher goes into their internal system to review the consumer’s account in order to verify or refute the disputed information.
The furnishing party then reports the results to the credit bureau by indicating this on the ACDV and sending the ACDV back to the credit bureau via e-OSCAR.
The credit bureau updates your account in their records to reflect the correct information and sends a copy of the report to the consumer.

You can read more about the forms used in the credit dispute process in another article.

Filing a Dispute is Free for Consumers

As a consumer, you do not have to pay to dispute information on your credit report or to have that information corrupted. The right to be able to dispute items for free is mandated by the FCRA.

This includes the updated credit report that the credit bureau sends to you once their investigation is complete.

Summary of Metro 2, e-OSCAR, and the Credit Repair Dispute Process

The FCRA gives you the right to dispute information on your credit report for free.
Data furnishers, e.g. lenders, report information about your accounts to the credit bureaus every month.
You can dispute something on your credit report by going to the CRAs, which is called an indirect dispute.
The CRAs and data furnishers communicate dispute information using forms and codes via the e-OSCAR platform and the Metro 2 language.
Once a credit bureau finishes their investigation into your dispute, they confirm or update the information on your credit report and send you a copy.

Want to see the video version of this article? Watch it below or visit our YouTube channel, where we drop new educational credit videos every weekday!

 

Read more: tradelinesupply.com

Read more

Credit Acceptance Announces Resolution Of Litigation With Massachusetts Attorney General

Southfield, Michigan, Sept. 01, 2021 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Credit Acceptance Corporation (Nasdaq: CACC) (referred to as the “Company”, “Credit Acceptance”, “we”, “our”, or “us”) announced today the finalization of a settlement resolving litigation with the Massachusetts Attorney General, the material … Continue reading →

Read more: creditandcollectionnews.com

Read more

Secured vs. Unsecured Debt: What Are the Pros and Cons? – Credit Countdown

Secured Debt vs. Unsecured Debt - PinterestSecured credit and unsecured credit are types of credit that are very different in terms of risk to consumers and lenders.

In a Credit Countdown video on our YouTube channel, credit expert John Ulzheimer explains the benefits and drawbacks of each type of credit and how different types of credit can affect your credit score. Read what he has to say below and watch the video on our channel!

What Is Secured Credit?

Secured credit is a form of credit that is backed by some sort of physical asset as collateral. If the borrower defaults on a secured loan, the lender can take the asset in order to recoup the loss.

Examples of Secured Credit

When you take out an auto loan, the loan is secured by your vehicle. Technically, the lender is the owner of the car until you finish paying off the debt. If you fail to repay the loan as agreed, the lender can take back the car using the process of repossession.

Similarly, when you take out a mortgage, that loan is secured by your home, and the bank still “owns” the home until you pay it off. In this case, not paying your mortgage can lead to the bank foreclosing on your home, meaning that they evict you from the home and then can sell it to someone else.

Pawn shop loans and title loans are also examples of secured loans.

While most credit cards are typically unsecured, secured credit cards do exist for consumers who may not be able to qualify for unsecured credit cards due to bad credit or a lack of credit history. With a secured credit card, you make a security deposit that counts toward your credit limit that the lender can keep in the event that you are not able to make the required payments on your credit card.

Mortgage loans are secured by your home.

Mortgage loans are secured by your home.

What Is Unsecured Credit?

Unsecured credit is credit that does not have a physical asset as collateral, so the lender cannot take back an asset if you default on the debt.

Examples of Unsecured Credit

A student loan is an example of an unsecured loan because there is no material asset that can be taken away if you do not pay your student loans. Student loans are used to pay for an education, and obviously, the lender cannot “take back” the education you have already received.

Credit cards are generally extensions of unsecured credit, except in the case of secured credit cards, as we described above.

Secured Credit
Unsecured Credit

Auto loans
Unsecured credit cards

Mortgage loans
Student loans

Home equity lines of credit
Unsecured personal loans

Secured credit cards
Unsecured lines of credit

Motorcycle loans

Boat loans

Pawn shop loans

Title loans

The Impact of Secured and Unsecured Debt on Your Credit Score

Secured and unsecured accounts are treated equally by credit scoring models, according to John. You are not penalized or rewarded by credit scores based on your accounts being unsecured or secured.

Different types of accounts are still treated differently by credit scores due to other factors (e.g. credit cards are treated differently than installment loans), but this particular factor does not play a role.

Secured Credit Cards: Use Them Carefully

Secured credit card accounts are commonly used by consumers to establish credit or rebuild their credit after having bad credit. This is a valuable credit-building strategy, but you should be cautious about how much you spend on your secured credit card.

Why? Because secured credit cards often have very low credit limits. That means you can quickly get to a high utilization ratio on the account even from modest spending. For example, if your secured credit card has a credit limit of $500 and you spend $250, you already have a utilization ratio on that account of 50%.

Having heavily utilized credit card accounts can have a significant negative impact on your credit score, so if you’re trying to keep your credit score as high as possible, you’ll want to keep an eye on the balance of your secured credit card and not let it creep too high relative to your credit limit.

Read more: tradelinesupply.com

Read more